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Cimbrian ((ドイツ語:Zimbrisch) or ドイツ語:''Tzimbrisch''; (イタリア語:Cimbro)) refers to any of several local Upper German varieties spoken in northeastern Italy. The speakers of the language are known as ''Zimbern''. Cimbrian is a Germanic language related to Bavarian and most probably deriving from a Southern Bavarian dialect (although a Lombardic origin cannot be ruled out). It is also related to the Mócheno language. Its many essential differences in grammar as well as in vocabulary and pronunciation make it practically unintelligible for people speaking Standard German or Bavarian. Bavarian is also spoken in the province of South Tyrol. The impact of the surrounding varieties of Italian on Cimbrian has been very strong. ==History== The earliest record of the movement of Bavarians to Verona dates to ca. 1050 (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek Cod. lat. 4547). The settlement continued during the 11th and 12th centuries. A theory of Lombardic origin of the ''Zimbern'' was proposed in 1948 by Bruno Schweizer and again in 1974 by Alfonso Bellotto.〔Bruno Schweizer: ''Die Herkunft der Zimbern''. In: ''Die Nachbarn. Jahrbuch für vergleichende Volkskunde 1'', 1948, ISSN 0547-096X, S. 111–129.; Alfonso Bellotto: ''Il cimbro e la tradizione longobarda nel vicentino I.'' In: ''Vita di Giazza e di Roana 17-18'', (1974) S. 7–19; ''Il cimbro e la tradizione longobarda nel vicentino II.'' In: ''Vita di Giazza e di Roana 19-20'', (1974) S. 49–59.〕 The debate was again revived in 2004 by Cimbrian linguist Ermenegildo Bidese.〔Ermenegildo Bidese ''Die Zimbern und ihre Sprache: Geographische, historische und sprachwissenschaftlich relevante Aspekte''. In: Thomas Stolz (ed.): ''Kolloquium über Alte Sprachen und Sprachstufen. Beiträge zum Bremer Kolloquium über „Alte Sprachen und Sprachstufen“. (= Diversitas Linguarum, Volume 8)''. Verlag Brockmeyer, Bochum 2004, ISBN 3-8196-0664-5, S. 3–42.(Webseite von Ermenegildo Bidese )〕 The majority of linguists remains committed to the hypothesis of medieval (11th to 12th century) immigration.〔James R. Dow: ''Bruno Schweizer's commitment to the Langobardian thesis''. In: Thomas Stolz (Hrsg): ''Kolloquium über Alte Sprachen und Sprachstufen. Beiträge zum Bremer Kolloquium über „Alte Sprachen und Sprachstufen“. (= Diversitas Linguarum, Volume 8)''. Verlag Brockmeyer, Bochum 2004, ISBN 3-8196-0664-5, S. 43–54.〕 The presence of Germanic-speaking communities in Italy was discovered in the 14th century by the Italian humanists, who associated them with the Cimbri who arrived in the region in the 2nd century BC. This is the likely origin of the current endonym (''Zimbar''). An alternative hypothesis derives the name from a term for "carpenter", cognate with English ''timber'' (lit. "timberer"). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cimbrian language」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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